THESIS OUTLINE APPROVAL
(after one year's stuidy)
| THESIS OUTLINE PROPOSAL: RESEARCH GROUP, Brighton University, 21 January 2004 RESEARCH GUIDE From Brian Love, Designer, illustrator Visual aspects of charitable fundraising, a designed book, second supervisor G Hardie. Introduction, proposition This study is based upon research and analysis of the Flag and Flower Day Collection within the Charity File Archive. Represented therein are approximately 30,00 individual badges and emblems from the Great War period to the modern day, originating from more than 15 countries within Europe, the Dominions, Commonwealth, Russia and America. Approximately 4,000 key badges/emblems have been selected for this research and much of this historic evidence has raised important fundamental issues from the critical evaluation and assembling of this material, including related ephemera. Subsequently the following broad questions and aims have been established:
Research Strategies From the outset lines of enquiry have been made to learn and determine what information exists about Flag Day Culture. Research in national museums and archives, charity organisations, family histories of written and visual sources have resulted in an accumulation of a large body of knowledge. In many instances the historic record has been challenged, through false claims by some charities of aspects of their history, through documentary evidence presented to them. Of the fifty charitable organisations investigated, so far; the archival records varied enormously from sparse to very good and in the majority of cases the administrators were cooperative, helpful and allowed photographic copying of key documents. Correspondence has been maintained with many of the organisations who are keen to learn of the outcome of this project. Commissioned articles by the national press (Sunday Times, Daily Telegraph, Guardian) have aided research in response to appeals for information and the resulting correspondence has revealed fresh evidence, particularly from persons abroad. Greater questions now we are being asked about the visual potential of the Flag Day material in its assembly, organisation, layout and presentation, using all reprographic processes, testing and evaluating contrasts of scale, comparative emblematic variation encompassing the symbolic image and texted references. Contrasts in British and foreign emblems, their design characteristics and message has revealed interesting cultural differences in the way charity appeals, national schemes have branded compassion. Archive Sources Researched Bodleian Library, John Johnson Collection of printed ephemera, Broad Street, Oxford British Red Cross Museum and Archive, Barnet Hill, Wonersh, Guildford Brighton Reference Library, local studios collection, Brighton, E Sussex Bishopsgate Institute, Bishopsgate, London EC1 Centre for Ephemera Studies, Department of Typography & Graphic Communication, The University of Reading Guildhall Library, City of Westminster, W1 Imperial War Museum, Lambeth Road, London SE1 (Department of Books, photography, art print collections) Library of the Society of Friends, Friends House, Euston Road, London NW1 Manchester Cultural Library, St Peter Square, Manchester. Social Science Library, local studies unit Mitchell Library, Glasgow Cultural Library, Elsie Inglis archive Museum of London, London all, EC2Y 5HN Museum of the Order of St John, St Johns Gate, St John's Lane, Clerkenwell, London EC1 4DA NSPCC, Archive NSPCC, 42 Curtain Road, London EC2A 3NH Royal Opera House archive, Covent Garden Royal London Hospital, archives and museum, Whitechapel, London E1 St Bartholomews Hospital, archives and museum, West Smithfield, London EC1 The Womens Library, London Metropolitan University, Old Castle Street, London Salvation Army, International Heritage Centre, London WC1 University of London, Senate House (American Collection) St Brides Printing Library, Bride Lane, Fleet Street The Public Record Office, Kew, London New York Public Library, Reference section, Social Sciences, NY, USA RESEARCH QUESTIONS; in order of significance
Book list, publications, researched, referenced Within the charity file archive there are approximately 2,600 books with a direct link to the Great War period, including bound periodicals and newspapers. The following is a sample. A complete run of the Times Newspapers 1914-1919, 22 volumes A complete run of Punch 1914-1920 A complete run of Sphere 1914-1918
General Reading: Great War Carlyon, L. A. Gallipoli. Bantam Books 2003. Donovan, Tom (compiler). The Hazy Red Hell, Fighting experiences on the Western Front 1914-18. Spellmount Staplehurst 1999 Ford, Boris (Ed). Early 20th Cetury Britain. The Cambridge Cultural History 1992. Fussell, Paul. 1977. The Great War & Modern Memory. Oxford University Press George, Loyd, War Memoirs, Vol: 1 & 2. New edition. Odhams Press. London 1934 Gray, Glenn, J. The Warriors, Reflections of Men in Battle (2nd edition). University of Nebraska Press 1998 Gregory, Adrian. 1994. The Silence of Memory, Armistice Day 1919-1946. Berg Haigs Command, a reassessment. Penguin 1991 Harris, Samuel. A War Imagined, the First World War and English culture. Bodley Head 1990 Holden, Wendy. Shell Shock. Channel 4 Books 1998 Joll, James. The Origins of the First World War. (2nd edition). Longman 1992. Jünger, Ernst. Storm of Steel. Allen Lane, Penbuin Books. First published in Germany 1920 [In Stahlgewitten] this edition 1963 King, Alex. Memorials of the Great War in Britain, the symbolism and politics of remembrance. Berg 2000. Kirkpatrick, A, James. Atkins at War, as told in his own letters with a cover designed by Sir Robert Baden Powell, K.C.B. Herbert Jenkins Ltd, Arundal Place,London 1914. Laffin, John. British Butchers and Bunglers of World War 1. Sutton Publishing 1988. Malins, E. K. Rites of Spring, the real war and the birth of the modern age. Steins paperback 1989. Marwick, Arthur. The Deluge, British society and the First World War. Macmillan Press Ltd 1965 Mosier, John. The Myth of the Great War, a new military history of the Great War. Profile Books 2001 Palmer, Svetlena & Wallis, Sarah. A War in Words, The First World War. Simon & Schuster 2003 Pick, Daniel. War Machine, the rationalisation of slaughter in the modern age. Yale University Press 1993. Remarquee, Erich Maria. All Quiet on the Western Front. Cape. First published 1929 [Im Western Nichts Neves] Ullstein, Berlin 1994. Sontag, Susan. Regarding the Pain of Others. Hamish Hamilton 2003 Strachan, Hew. The First World War, Vol 1: To Arms. Oxford University Press 2001 Taylor, A. J. P. From Sarajevo to Potsdam. Thames & Hudson 1966 Terraine, John. The Smoke and the Fire, myths and anti-myths of war 1861-1945. Sidgewick & Jackson 1980. Travers, Tom. The Killing Ground, the British Army, the Western Front and the emergence of modern warfare 1900-1918. Routledge 1990. Tucker, C Spencer. Who's Who in Twentieth Century Warfare. Routledge 2001 Van Eiden, Richard, Humphries, Steve and Cooper, Leo. Veterans, the last survivors of the Great War. BBC1 Documentary 1998
THE GREAT WAR AND THE ALLIED EXPERIENCE Binyon, Laurence. For Dauntless France. An account of Britain's aid to the French wounded and victims of war. Compiled for the British Red Cross Societies 1917 Gawne, Jonathan. Over There! The American soldier in World War 1. The illustrated history of the American soldier, his uniform and his equipment. Greenhill Books, London 1997 Gwyn, Sandra. Tapestry of War - a private view of the Canadians in the Great War. Harper Collins 1992 Halevey, Elie. The Era of Tyrannies. Essays on socialism and war. Allen Lane, Penguin 1967 Lvov, G. E. Prince [Chief Representative and President of the Russian Union of Zemstros. Russian Union of Zemstros - A Brief Report of the Union's Activities during the War. Moscow, January 1916 Merwick, Arthur. War and Social Change in the Twentieth Century - a comparative study of Britain, France, Germany, Russia and the United States. Macmillan Press Ltd 1979 Palmer, Svetlana, Wallis, Sarah. A War in Words, the First World War. (accompanying the major Channel 4 series), diaries and letters based on evidence from 28 countries. Simon & Schuster UK Ltd 2003 Peterson, H. C. Propaganda for War - the campaign against American neutrality 1914-1917. University of Oklahoma, Norman 1929 Rearick, Charles. The French in Love and War, Popular culture in the era of the World Wars. Yale University Press 1997. Rutherford, Anna and Wheland, James (ed). War, Australia's Creative Reponse, Dangaroo Press 1997 Salmon, Edward, R.R.C.I. Worsford, Thomas, F.A.R.F.I The British Dominions Yearbook. Issued by the British Dominion General Insurance Company Ltd, Royal Exchange, EC 1916 Spencer, William. Army Service Records of the First World War. Public Record Office 2001 The Anzac Book, written and illustrated in Gallipoli by the men of Anzac. Cassell and Company Ltd 1916 The United States in the First World War, an encyclopeadia. Garland Publishing, New York 1995 Tucker, Spencer. 1996. The European Powers in the First World War, an encyclopaedia. Garland Woohon, Graham. The Official History of the British Legion. Macdonald & Evans Ltd, London 1956 Zeiger, Robert H. America's Great War, World War 1 and the American Experience. Rowman & Littlefield Publisher Incorporated 2001 WOMEN AT WAR, SELECTED TITLES
Abel-Smith, Brian. A History of the Nursing Profession. Heineman Adie, Kate. Corsets to Camouflage, women and war. Hodder & Stoughton in association with the Imperial War Museum 2003 Bingham, Stella. Ministering Angels. Osprey 1979 Bowser, F. J. I. Thekla. The Story of British VAD Work in the Great War. (4th reprint from 1917). Imperial War Museum publication 2003 Britan, Vera. Lady into Woman. A history of women from Victoria to Elizabeth. Andrew Dakers Ltd 1993 Brittan, Vera. Testament of Youth. Gollanez 1933 Brittan, Vera. The Women of Oxford, A Fragment of History. George G Harap & Co Ltd 1960 Collette, D. Women in Uniform. Sampson, Low, Marston & Co 1946 Crofton, Eileen. The Women of Royaumont. A Scottish women's hospital on the Western Front. Tuckwell Press 1997 Daniel, Ute. The War from Within, German working class women in the First World War. Berg 2000. Darron, Margaret H. French Women and the First World War. War stories of the home front. Berg 2000 Dent, Olive. A VAD in France. Grant Richards 1917 Donald Smith, Helen. War Distress and War Help - short catalogue of the leading war help societies, showing their scope and objects and the addresses of their offices. London, John Murray, Albermale Street W 1915 Farmborough, Florence. Nurse at the Russian Front - a diary 1914-1917. Constable & Company 1971 Hay, Fan. One Hundred Years of Army Nursing. Cassell 1953 Krippner, Monica. The Quality of Mercy, women at war - Serbia 1915-1918. David & Charles 1989. Mitton, G. E. (ed). The English Woman's Yearbook 1916. A & C Brock 1916 Pickles, Kate. Female Imperialism and the National Identity - Imperial Order Daughters of the Empire. Manchester University Press 2002 Price, Alan. The End of the Age of Innocence, Edith Wharton and the First World War. Robert Hale, London 1996 Roberts, Brian. Those Bloody Women. Three heroines of the Boer War. John Murray 1991 Scates, Bruce and Frances, Darlene. 1997. Women and the Great War. Cambridge University Press Sommers, Anne. Angels and Citizens, British women as military nurses 1854-1914. Routledge Kegan & Paul 1981 Stobart, M. A. St Clair. Miracles and Adventures, an autobiography. London Rider & Co 1955 Taylor, Eric. Wartime Nurse, one hundred years from the Crimea to Korea 1854-1956. Robert Hale, London 2001 Thom, Deborah. Nice Girls and Rude Girls, women workers in World War One. I B Tavris 1998 T'Sevelaes, de Baroness. Flanders and Other Fields, memoirs. George Hurrap & Co Ltd Votes for Women, SWP Vol 1 October 1907 - September 1908. The Reformers Press (50 bound issues) Wheelwright, Julie. Amazons & Military Maids, women who dressed as men in pursuit of life liberty and happiness. Pandora 1989
CHARITY ORGANISATION, RELATED PUBLICATIONS
Amory, A. T. A Train Errant, being the experiences of a voluntary unit in France, an anthology from an ambulance train 1915-1919. No. 16 Ambulance Train. Harford 1919 Barrett, W. James. A Vision of the Possible: What the R.A.M.C. might become. An account of some of the medical work in Egypt, together with a constructive criticism of the R.A.M.C. H.K. Lewis & C Ltd 1919 Barrett, W. James. The Australian Army Medical Corps in Egypt. H. K. Lewis & Co Ltd 1919 Barrett, W. James. The War Work of the YMCA in Egypt. H KK Lewis & Co Ltd 1919 Belot, Max. Wars and Welfare, Britain 1914-1945. Edward Arnold, Hodder & Stoughton 1984 Doud, J. H. The Doings of Donovan - in and out of hospital. Country Life Publications. 1918 Joyce, James Avery. Red Cross International and the Strategy of Peace 1859-1959. Hodder & Stoughton 1959 Moorhead, Caroline. Dunants Dream, War, Switzerland and the history of the Red Cross. Harper Collins 1998 Peacey, Belinda. The Story of the Red Cross (revised edition). Frederick Muller 1919 Report by the Joint War Committee and the Joint War Finance Committee of the British Red Cross Society and the Order of St John of Jerusalem in England, on voluntary aid rendered to the sick and wounded at home and abroad and to British prisoners of war 1914-1919 with appendices Vivian, E. Charles, Williams Hodder, J. E. The Way of the Red Cross, with a preface by Queen Alexandra. The Times, Hodder & Stoughton 1915 ARTS & CULTURAL REFERENCES
Boden, Anthony. F. W. Harvey, Soldier, Poet. Sutton Publishing, revised edition 1998 Canetti, Elias. Crowds and Power (English translation) 1962. Chambers, Emma (curator). Henry Tonks: Art and Surgery. Strang Print Room, exhibition catalogue. University College London 2002 Cork, Richard. The Bitter Truth, Avant-Garde Art and the Great War. Barbican Gallery exhibition catalogue 1994 Craid, David, Egan, Michael. Extreme Situations - Literature and Crisis from the Great War to the Atom Bomb. Macmillan Press 1979 Duncan, Hug Dalzel. Symbols in Society. Oxford University Press 1972 Gurney, Ivor. War Letters. The Hogarth Press 1984 Images of the First World War, a photographic anthology, Balaquies publications 2003 Innes, T. A. and Castle, Ivor (ed). Covenants with Death. Daily Express Publications 1934 Jones, Barbara & Howell, Bill. Popular Arts of the First World War. Studio Vista 1972 Jowett, Garth S, O'Donnell, Victoria. Propaganda and Persuasion. Sage 1992 Lewis, John F (ed). The Mammoth Book of War Diaries & Letters. Life in the battlefield, in words of the ordinary soldier. Robinson's 1998 Peret, Peter, Lewis, Irwin, Peret, Paul. Persuasive Images. Posters of war and revolution. Princetown University 1992 Raitt, Suzanne, Tate, Trudi, editors. Women's Fictin and the great War. Clarendon Press, Oxford 1997 Rawls, Walter. Wake Up America! World War One and the American Poster. Abberick Press 1984 Taylor, Philip M. Munitions of the Mind, a history of propaganda from the ancient world to the present day. Manchester University Press 1995 Williams, Raymond. Keywords - a vocabulary of culture and society. Fontana Press 1976 FLAGS, BADGES, HERALDRY, SYMBOLS Barraclough, E. M. C. Flags of the World. Warne & Co, London Civic and Corporate Heraldry. Heraldry Today, London 1971 Cooper, J. C. Illustrated Encyclopedia of Traditional Symbols. Thames & Hudson, London 1978 Crampton, William. The Complete Guide to Flags. Kingfisher Books 1989. Fairbairn's Crests of the Families of Great Britain and Ireland. Laurence Butters 1968 (reprint) Friar, Stephen. A New Dictionary of Heraldry. Alphabooks. Halls Dictionary of Subjects & Symbols in Art. John Murray, London 1974 Isaacson, Philip M. The American Eagle. New York Graphic Society, Boston, Mass 1975 Perrin, W. G. British Flags. Cambridge University Press 1922 Pine, L. G. International Heraldry. David & Charles Newton Abbot 1970 Potter, C. F. Funk & Wagnall's Standard Dictionary of Folklore, Mythology & Legend. N E L London 1972 Robinson, L. J. A Dictionary of Graphical Symbols. F C Avis, London 1972 Shepherd, Walter. Shepherds Glossary of Graphic Signs & Symbols. J M Dent, London 1971 Signs & Symbols. The Guinness Encyclopedia of John Foley. Guinness Publishing 1991 Stiling, Marjorie. Famous Brand Names, emblems and trademarks. David & Charles, Newton Abbot 1980 Whittick, Arnold. Symbols, Signs and their Meaning. Leonard Hill, London Woodcock, Thomas & Robinson, Martins, John. The Oxford Guide to Heraldry. Oxford University Press 1988 ETHICAL, MORAL, RELIGIOUS De Chardin, Teilhard. Writings in the Time of War. Collins 1968 The Christian Stewardship of Money. Central Board of Finance of the Church of England 1959 Toon, Douglas Elwell. The Concise Dictionary of Christian Tradition. Worship liturty & history. Marshall Pickering 1989 EPHEMERAL SOURCES, WORKS OF REFERENCE
Scott, John. A Matter of Record, Documentary Sources in Social Research. Polity Press 1990 Twyman, Michael. Register of Ephemeral Collections in the United Kingdom. Centre for Ephemera Studies, Department of Typography & Graphic Communication. The University of Reading 2003.
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