from left to right

HAMMER AND AXE
from Charles Folkard's illustrated edition of Nursery Rhymes ,Dent London 1932.

A RAILWAY ENGINE
The Little Blue Engine has two expressions, a beaming smile and an odd pursing of the lips into an expression of puzzlement. Other railway engines in children's books have a wider range of expressions eg Thomas the Tank Engine , but the effect, I find, is rather spooky. The Little Blue Engine was limited and hence no threat.

AN AIRCRAFT Boris Artzybasheff, illustration for Twin Engines for Piper Aircraft , 8 x 22cms April 1954

A KITCHEN RANGE
anon.illustrator, chapter heading for "Old King Coal laughs" by H.L.Law, from BIRTHDAY FUN ALBUM, Swann Ltd. London. 9 X 18 cms.

Mary Kendal Lee, illustration for Nicholas Thomas the Naughty Kitten, c1952

Just how do you make a spade come alive ? This is a challenge because of the comparative lack of constituent parts. If you do choose to put a face on the metal blade, what is that handle meant to be ?